Computer Simulation of Stepping in the Cat Wrist segment implementation and muscle activation dynamics

نویسنده

  • HÅKAN WESTRIN
چکیده

By further developing an existing model of a walking cat, important neuromechanical aspects of locomotion were studied. The present 3-d simulator (by Ö. Ekeberg) was fitted with additional front leg segments (wrists) and an implementation of biological realistic muscle activation dynamics, as described by Zajac (1989). It was shown that a new refined model could withstand a moderate signal time delay representing muscle activation and still produce a continuous and realistic gait. This can be seen as an indication that implicit mechanical coupling between the legs alone will produce a stable gait and rhythm, given that the legs are fitted with a minimized controlling mechanism. The simulator is C program developed for the pc and can easily be run to visually display 3-d locomotion in almost real time. Implementering av vristsegment samt muskelaktiveringsfunktion i simulering av gående katt För att studera mekanismer kring gående har Örjan Ekeberg tidigare utvecklat en 3d modell av en gående katt samt skapat en simulator av denna till PC. Modellen bygger på biologiskt samt fysiskt realistiska principer, bland annat baseras modellen på vedertagna muskelmodeller och newtonsk mekanik. Muskelstyrningen hålls så enkel som möjligt och systemet styrs endast av direkta interna signaler som ledvinklar och känsel. Som en fortsatt studie inom gående vidareutvecklades modellen och simulatorn i detta examensarbete. De tidigare enkla frambenen försågs med ett vristsegment samt ett anpassat styrningssystem. Vidare lades en modell av en vedertagen aktiveringsfunktion till alla muskler för att bättre likna verkliga förhållanden, i praktiken en signalfördröjning. Dessa förändringar samt en allmän finjustering skapade en mer realistiskt modell av en gående katt men resulterade också i ett betydligt mer komplext och svårstyrt mekaniskt system. Jag visar i arbetet att en modell av en gående katt, utan hjälp av synintryck eller andra sekundära signaler kan producera en för bägge benpar realistisk gång, dessutom med en biologiskt realistisk muskelaktiveringsdynamik. Simulatorn består i ett C program skrivet för PC och med ett grafiskt gränssnitt som i realtid renderar en kattmodell i 3d.

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تاریخ انتشار 2005